ECHOExploratory Compendium of Humanity Online

NORC GSMA: Twitter Aggregate Topic Data

AggregateSmallTwitter (X)Political communicationPublic opinionSentimentTime series

A Twitter (aggregate) dataset of 4,709,404 topic-related tweets across 6 social issues, collected by NORC at the University of Chicago. Each record contains date, topic, daily volume, VADER compound sentiment, pos/neg ratio, account type (community/bot/news/government/activist), US state. Aggregate Twitter data on six politically salient social issues with daily volume and VADER sentiment scores 2016-2022, including unique bot-vs-community account type breakdowns and US state-level marijuana discourse data. Suitable for political communication, sentiment trends, bot detection, state-level public opinion, longitudinal social issue analysis.

#Marijuana#Norc#Social issue#Us state#Vader

Cite this dataset at norc-gsma.echo.directory

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Analytics

Data availability: Twitter topic aggregate statistics

  • Aggregate or summary statistics — no individual records
  • Time-series of aggregate topic-level statistics

NORC GSMA provides aggregate Twitter data on 6 social topics with VADER sentiment scores (1% sample), plus detailed marijuana-topic data by account type (community, bot, news media, government, activist) and US state-level breakdowns. Coverage: 2016-2022.

4.7M
Total Topic Tweets (1%)
44.2M
Total MJ Tweets (PT)
6
Topics Tracked
50
States with Data
180.5K
Marijuana
22.6K
Gay Marriage
534.6K
Climate Change
601.3K
Abortion
3.3M
Gun Control
28.8K
Taxation
Account Type by MJ Tweet Volume
  1. 1Legal/Policy7.1M
  2. 2MJ Community3.5M
  3. 3Bot (non-community)1.4M
  4. 4Community (non-bot)1.4M
  5. 5Activist324.4K
  6. 6News Media9.1K
  7. 7Political5.5K
  8. 8Gov / Org827
Top States by Total MJ Tweet Volume
  1. 1CA4.5M
  2. 2FL3.4M
  3. 3TX2.2M
  4. 4NY2.1M
  5. 5CO1.2M
  6. 6IL970.9K
  7. 7WA777.1K
  8. 8PA773K
  9. 9AZ690.6K
  10. 10NJ689K
  11. 11MI659.6K
  12. 12MA653.5K
  13. 13GA639.6K
  14. 14NV635.1K
  15. 15OH622.5K
  16. 16OR574K
  17. 17NC522.1K
  18. 18MD445.4K
  19. 19MO381.5K
  20. 20TN351.4K
Top States by MJ Legal/Policy Volume
  1. 1CA815.1K
  2. 2NY512.8K
  3. 3TX474.6K
  4. 4FL394.6K
  5. 5IL227.9K
  6. 6PA204.8K
  7. 7CO193.6K
  8. 8NJ180.5K
  9. 9WA166.8K
  10. 10OH138.2K
  11. 11AZ138.1K
  12. 12MI137.4K
  13. 13MA136.8K
  14. 14OR124.4K
  15. 15GA124K
  16. 16NC123K
  17. 17NV107.8K
  18. 18MN98.9K
  19. 19MO92.9K
  20. 20MD88.5K
Top States by MJ Sentiment (pos/neg ratio)
  1. 1VT2.75
  2. 2ND2.39
  3. 3MT2.309
  4. 4CO2.139
  5. 5WY2.044
  6. 6SD2.036
  7. 7AK1.97
  8. 8MS1.95
  9. 9NH1.906
  10. 10DE1.893
  11. 11NV1.892
  12. 12RI1.837
  13. 13ME1.829
  14. 14WA1.805
  15. 15HI1.798
  16. 16ID1.78
  17. 17AZ1.772
  18. 18OR1.757
  19. 19FL1.755
  20. 20NM1.75
Monthly Tweet Volume by Social Topic (1% Sample)
050K100K150K2019-012019-062019-112020-042020-092021-022021-072022-02MonthTweets
  • Marijuana
  • Gay Marriage
  • Climate Change
  • Abortion
  • Gun Control
  • Taxation
Monthly VADER Sentiment by Topic (compound avg)
-0.2-0.100.10.22019-012019-062019-112020-042020-092021-022021-072022-02MonthVADER Compound (-1 to 1)
  • Marijuana
  • Gay Marriage
  • Climate Change
  • Abortion
  • Gun Control
  • Taxation
Monthly MJ Tweet Volume by Account Type (PowerTrack)
0100K200K300K400K2016-082017-052018-022018-112019-082020-052021-022022-02MonthTweets
  • MJ Community
  • Community (non-bot)
  • Bot (non-community)
  • Legal/Policy
  • News Media

Showing 5 of 8 series.

Monthly Pos/Neg Sentiment Ratio by Account Type
02462016-082017-052018-022018-112019-082020-052021-022022-02MonthPos/Neg Ratio (>1 = more positive)
  • All MJ-Related
  • MJ Community
  • Bot (non-community)

Showing 3 of 6 series.

Bot vs Community Account Breakdown
  • Community (non-bot)1.4M (28.3%)
  • Bot (non-community)1.4M (28.9%)
  • Bot + Community2.1M (42.8%)

Record

Catalog key
norc_gsma
Authors
NORC at the University of Chicago
Year
2022
Source paper
General Social Media Archive (GSMA)
License
Public Data
Records
228
Languages
en
Collected
2016-2022 (2010s, 2020s)
Tasks
Bot detection inferred
Region
Global (inferred: the platform is used worldwide)

Provenance

Originally published at
https://gss.norc.org/gsma.html link checked
Hosted copy
Mirrored on echo.directory on 2026-10-09, 5.4 MB across 5 files. Checksums in MANIFEST.json.

How to cite

BibTeX

@misc{echo2026,
  title  = {ECHO: Exploratory Compendium of Humanity Online},
  author = {Switzer, Braden and Zafarani, Reza},
  year   = {2026},
  url    = {https://echo.directory},
  note   = {Syracuse University}
}

@dataset{norc2022gsma,
  title        = {General Social Media Archive (GSMA)},
  author       = {NORC at the University of Chicago},
  year         = {2022},
  howpublished = {\url{https://gss.norc.org/gsma.html}}
}

APA

Switzer, B., & Zafarani, R. (2026). ECHO: Exploratory Compendium of Humanity Online [Data repository]. Syracuse University. https://echo.directory

NORC at the University of Chicago (2022). NORC GSMA: Twitter Aggregate Topic Data [Data set]. https://norc-gsma.echo.directory/

MLA

Switzer, Braden, and Reza Zafarani. ECHO: Exploratory Compendium of Humanity Online. Syracuse University, 2026, echo.directory.

NORC at the University of Chicago. NORC GSMA: Twitter Aggregate Topic Data. 2022, norc-gsma.echo.directory/.

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